Today, automotive safety systems have evolved from passive to active. In addition to traditional passive safety systems such as seat belts and airbags, active safety systems for vehicles such as wheel anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and electronic stability control systems (ESP, VDC, etc.) have been developed to avoid accidents. VSC, VSA, DSC, etc., are getting more and more popular.
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At the same time, another more advanced automotive active safety system is beginning to be used more. This intelligent system of various sensing devices, such as radar, infrared, imaging system and tire pressure monitoring system, indicates another upgrade of the car safety system.
Pre-collision system acts as "inside and outside" protection
In order to avoid traffic accidents, many manufacturers are committed to the development of a more advanced car active safety system - pre-crash safety system. The pre-collision system is a collection of active and passive safety systems that integrate ESP and seat belt protection to monitor vehicle status through sensors and automatically take action to reduce the risk and protect the car in the moment before the collision. Passengers and pedestrians.
When the pre-crash safety system detects that the vehicle may collide through the radar system, it will give a warning to the driver of the vehicle. Once the collision is still unavoidable, the automatic braking system is immediately activated. The system can also increase the brake oil pressure assist according to the power of the driver's brakes, so that the brake action is completed as soon as possible, and the speed is minimized. At the same time, the pre-crash system will quickly close the window; drive the motor in the seat belt system, rewind the seat belt, fix the occupants in the best position of the seat, let the airbag play the maximum function; adjust the position of the headrest to prevent The neck of the car is injured.
In terms of pedestrian protection, when components such as radar, infrared or image sensors sense that the vehicle is about to collide with a pedestrian, the pre-crash system will urgently inform the driver. When the collision is unavoidable, the vehicle activates the automatic braking system and the airbag at the bumper and front windshield to reduce the damage to the head, chest and feet of the pedestrian.
Adaptive cruise system makes automatic driving possible
From passive safety to pre-crash systems, it is a last resort crash, and it is best to avoid collisions. Today, when the vehicle is equipped with an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC), collision avoidance is made possible.
The adaptive cruise control system is also called a speed control system, or an automatic driving system. Its main function is to automatically lock the front vehicle speed, the driver can control the vehicle to automatically maintain a fixed speed without stepping on the accelerator pedal. When following the vehicle, when the distance between the vehicle and the preceding vehicle is too close, the system automatically decelerates the vehicle, and then accelerates the vehicle when the distance is far enough, thereby ensuring a certain safety distance between the vehicles.
The main operating principle of the system is: the system first locks the target vehicle in front by the sensor, and calculates the movement information of the vehicle in front, such as the vehicle speed, acceleration, yaw rate, etc., and then further calculates according to the calculated distance and relative speed. Take out the safety distance between the two cars and make acceleration and deceleration according to this standard. When the distance between the two vehicles is too close, when the adaptive cruise control system detects a possible crisis, it will issue a warning signal in time and automatically switch to the vehicle's pre-collision processing mode.
Safety alert system comprehensively monitors vehicle status
In addition to the control of collision and speed, the advanced vehicle active safety system can also monitor the driving behavior of the owner and the condition of the tire through various sensing systems, and make warning actions. These safety warning systems include a driving hazard warning system, a visual blind spot warning (or blind spot detection) system, and a car tire pressure monitoring system.
Most of these warning systems use a variety of sensors for monitoring, and through a set of identification systems to determine whether the vehicle or driving behavior is safe, and appropriate warning signals are issued in due course.
The driving hazard warning system uses image sensors to monitor the driver's behavior. When the driver appears to be dozing off or the line of sight deviates from the lane for too long, the system will issue a warning. Some systems even monitor the alcohol concentration in the car and issue appropriate warnings.
In addition, because the driver's line of sight has many dead ends, the visual dead angle warning system will provide the driver with relevant environmental information about the visual dead angle through the sensor attached to the rear of the vehicle. For example, using CCD digital sensors or ultrasonic waves to monitor, visualize, and alert the rear objects can avoid accidents when the vehicle is reversing.
The car tire pressure monitoring system is also an active safety system. The system can send the tire pressure signal to the display on the bridge through the built-in sensor placed on the tire, so that the driver can monitor the tire pressure in real time while driving. . When the tire shows signs of danger, the system will promptly report to the police to avoid puncture at high speed.
A noteworthy phenomenon is that although active safety technologies such as pre-crash systems, adaptive cruise systems and safety warning systems are gaining more and more attention, the owners of these technologies represent automakers such as Mercedes-Benz, Toyota and Volvo. A small number of high-end models are equipped with such systems, but we can already see the expected picture of the car safety system upgrade.
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