The article introduces the calculation of illumination and illumination power density values ​​of several light sources, and compares the calculation results, pointing out that high-quality and efficient lighting products are the basis for realizing green lighting.
1 Proposal of the concept of “green lightingâ€
With the country's vigorous advocacy for building a conservation-oriented society, the concept of energy conservation has been deeply rooted in people's hearts and quickly penetrated into various fields. The concept of "green lighting" has also attracted more and more people's attention. According to the spirit of the document of the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Construction, and the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on Further Promoting China's Green Lighting Project, energy conservation and environmental protection, as an important industrial policy of China, will definitely have important realities for new construction and renovation projects. Guiding significance. At present, China's "Green Lighting Promotion Project" has been officially launched. It is estimated that China's annual saving of lighting power will reach 12 billion kWh in 2010, accounting for 10% of the total power generation.
The "Architectural Lighting Design Standards" (GB 50034-2004) jointly issued by the Ministry of Construction and the State Administration of Quality Supervision was officially implemented on December 1, 2004. In the sixth section, “Lighting Energy Savingâ€, the lighting power density LPD indicator (ie, the electric power consumed per square meter) corresponding to the illumination standard of each building site is taken as a mandatory provision. limit. After nearly two years of work practice, the author puts forward some views on the application of new standards in practical work.
2 Illumination calculation of various types of light sources
The choice of light source directly affects the illumination and the illumination power density value (LPD). To meet the requirements of the new standard contrast and the illumination power density value, detailed and correct calculation of the lighting design is necessary. Otherwise, two situations are likely to occur: one is that a high-efficiency light source and a high-efficiency luminaire are not used, and the result satisfies the requirements of the LPD, but the actual illuminance of the room does not meet the prescribed illuminance standard; the other case is the design. A high-efficiency light source and high-efficiency luminaires were used, but the illuminance calculation was not performed in the room. As a result, the illuminance was much higher than the specified illuminance standard, and the energy-saving purpose was not achieved. In both cases, energy conservation cannot be effectively implemented. China's new large-scale commercial buildings and public buildings are about 140 million square meters per year. People urgently need a comfortable, efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly lighting environment.
2.1 Comparison of various indicators of a domestic brand T12 tube, T8 tube and T5 tube
It can be seen from Table 1 that the T8 tube high-efficiency fluorescent lamp and the T5 tube high-efficiency fluorescent lamp greatly improve the light efficiency, color rendering index and service life compared with the ordinary T12 tube fluorescent lamp, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving. The article will analyze and compare the effects of the above three fluorescent lamps in practical engineering applications through a typical office lighting example.
2.2 Project examples
2.2.1 Office building size
Open office, wall thickness 0.2m, length 8.1m, width 6.3m, room area 48.2m2.
2.2.2 Selection of light source
Refer to the data in Table 2, according to the calculation formula:
Eav=N×Φ×U×K0/A
Then, N=Eav×A/(Φ×U×K0)
That is, LPD = N × Pw / A
Where Eav - average illumination (lx);
N — number of lamps (units);
Φ — total luminous flux (lm) of a light source in a luminaire;
U — luminaire utilization factor;
K0 — maintenance factor;
A — room area (m2).
According to the requirements of the new standard, the average office illumination should reach 300lx, and the illumination power density value LPD should be less than or equal to 11W/m2.
It can be seen from Table 3 that with the T12 lamp, even if the electronic ballast with its own power consumption is used, if the illumination requirement of the new standard is met, the power density value will reach 13W/m2, which is not consistent. The new standard "LPD ≤ 11W / m2" requirements; and vice versa. The use of T8 tube and T5 tube with electronic ballast can meet the new standard requirements for illumination level and LPD, and compared with ordinary T12 fluorescent lamp, T8 tube high efficiency fluorescent lamp can save energy by 49%, T5 tube high efficiency fluorescent lamp Can save 54% energy.
3 Ballasts are closely related to lighting quality
As an indispensable partner of fluorescent tubes, the power consumption and performance of ballasts are getting more and more attention. For a long time, people used to use traditional magnetic ballasts because of their reliability, long life, low price, and low one-time investment. However, due to its own structural problems, the magnetic ballast has many shortcomings such as large power consumption, heavy weight, large volume, severe stroboscopic noise, and high noise, and is gradually being replaced by electronic ballasts. Table 4 compares the performance of traditional magnetic ballasts and electronic ballasts. The advantages and disadvantages of the two can be seen.
It can be seen from the above comparison that the electronic ballast has obvious advantages in terms of its own power consumption and light efficiency ratio. Taking the above office as an example, it is assumed that the original three types of lamps are respectively configured with conventional magnetic ballasts.
It can be seen that the power consumption of the inductor ballast will increase by 9.2%, 13.6% and 15%, respectively, compared with the use of electronic ballasts. Of course, T12 tube ordinary fluorescent lamps still can not meet the requirements of the new standard control and power density values ​​at the same time.
In addition, since the operating frequency of the conventional magnetic ballast is 50 Hz, and the operating frequency of the electronic ballast is 20 to 50 kHz, the human eye is not easy to feel a high stroboscopic sound, and the visual environment is more comfortable. The electronic ballast also has a low voltage start function, that is, it can be started normally between AC160~350V, and the voltage requirement is relatively low. However, electronic ballasts also have the shortcomings of short service life, large harmonics of power supply current, and relatively weak resistance to transient overvoltage of power supply.
Compared with traditional magnetic ballasts, energy-saving magnetic ballasts have greatly improved their power consumption and luminous efficiency ratio; compared with electronic ballasts, they have low starting surge current and low power supply current harmonics. The advantages of strong transient overvoltage capability and long service life are recognized by more and more professionals.
4 Conclusion
China is in a period of rapid economic development. While people are pursuing high-quality life and high-quality light environment, energy consumption has become an unavoidable social problem. In the past, low-efficiency, high-power illumination sources have clearly failed to meet the needs of the new era. The “Green Lighting Project†must be vigorously promoted to make various high-efficiency, low-power lighting products become the dominant light source in the present and future worlds.
1 Proposal of the concept of “green lightingâ€
With the country's vigorous advocacy for building a conservation-oriented society, the concept of energy conservation has been deeply rooted in people's hearts and quickly penetrated into various fields. The concept of "green lighting" has also attracted more and more people's attention. According to the spirit of the document of the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Construction, and the State Administration of Quality and Technical Supervision on Further Promoting China's Green Lighting Project, energy conservation and environmental protection, as an important industrial policy of China, will definitely have important realities for new construction and renovation projects. Guiding significance. At present, China's "Green Lighting Promotion Project" has been officially launched. It is estimated that China's annual saving of lighting power will reach 12 billion kWh in 2010, accounting for 10% of the total power generation.
The "Architectural Lighting Design Standards" (GB 50034-2004) jointly issued by the Ministry of Construction and the State Administration of Quality Supervision was officially implemented on December 1, 2004. In the sixth section, “Lighting Energy Savingâ€, the lighting power density LPD indicator (ie, the electric power consumed per square meter) corresponding to the illumination standard of each building site is taken as a mandatory provision. limit. After nearly two years of work practice, the author puts forward some views on the application of new standards in practical work.
2 Illumination calculation of various types of light sources
The choice of light source directly affects the illumination and the illumination power density value (LPD). To meet the requirements of the new standard contrast and the illumination power density value, detailed and correct calculation of the lighting design is necessary. Otherwise, two situations are likely to occur: one is that a high-efficiency light source and a high-efficiency luminaire are not used, and the result satisfies the requirements of the LPD, but the actual illuminance of the room does not meet the prescribed illuminance standard; the other case is the design. A high-efficiency light source and high-efficiency luminaires were used, but the illuminance calculation was not performed in the room. As a result, the illuminance was much higher than the specified illuminance standard, and the energy-saving purpose was not achieved. In both cases, energy conservation cannot be effectively implemented. China's new large-scale commercial buildings and public buildings are about 140 million square meters per year. People urgently need a comfortable, efficient, energy-saving and environmentally friendly lighting environment.
2.1 Comparison of various indicators of a domestic brand T12 tube, T8 tube and T5 tube
It can be seen from Table 1 that the T8 tube high-efficiency fluorescent lamp and the T5 tube high-efficiency fluorescent lamp greatly improve the light efficiency, color rendering index and service life compared with the ordinary T12 tube fluorescent lamp, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving. The article will analyze and compare the effects of the above three fluorescent lamps in practical engineering applications through a typical office lighting example.
2.2 Project examples
2.2.1 Office building size
Open office, wall thickness 0.2m, length 8.1m, width 6.3m, room area 48.2m2.
2.2.2 Selection of light source
Refer to the data in Table 2, according to the calculation formula:
Eav=N×Φ×U×K0/A
Then, N=Eav×A/(Φ×U×K0)
That is, LPD = N × Pw / A
Where Eav - average illumination (lx);
N — number of lamps (units);
Φ — total luminous flux (lm) of a light source in a luminaire;
U — luminaire utilization factor;
K0 — maintenance factor;
A — room area (m2).
According to the requirements of the new standard, the average office illumination should reach 300lx, and the illumination power density value LPD should be less than or equal to 11W/m2.
It can be seen from Table 3 that with the T12 lamp, even if the electronic ballast with its own power consumption is used, if the illumination requirement of the new standard is met, the power density value will reach 13W/m2, which is not consistent. The new standard "LPD ≤ 11W / m2" requirements; and vice versa. The use of T8 tube and T5 tube with electronic ballast can meet the new standard requirements for illumination level and LPD, and compared with ordinary T12 fluorescent lamp, T8 tube high efficiency fluorescent lamp can save energy by 49%, T5 tube high efficiency fluorescent lamp Can save 54% energy.
3 Ballasts are closely related to lighting quality
As an indispensable partner of fluorescent tubes, the power consumption and performance of ballasts are getting more and more attention. For a long time, people used to use traditional magnetic ballasts because of their reliability, long life, low price, and low one-time investment. However, due to its own structural problems, the magnetic ballast has many shortcomings such as large power consumption, heavy weight, large volume, severe stroboscopic noise, and high noise, and is gradually being replaced by electronic ballasts. Table 4 compares the performance of traditional magnetic ballasts and electronic ballasts. The advantages and disadvantages of the two can be seen.
It can be seen from the above comparison that the electronic ballast has obvious advantages in terms of its own power consumption and light efficiency ratio. Taking the above office as an example, it is assumed that the original three types of lamps are respectively configured with conventional magnetic ballasts.
It can be seen that the power consumption of the inductor ballast will increase by 9.2%, 13.6% and 15%, respectively, compared with the use of electronic ballasts. Of course, T12 tube ordinary fluorescent lamps still can not meet the requirements of the new standard control and power density values ​​at the same time.
In addition, since the operating frequency of the conventional magnetic ballast is 50 Hz, and the operating frequency of the electronic ballast is 20 to 50 kHz, the human eye is not easy to feel a high stroboscopic sound, and the visual environment is more comfortable. The electronic ballast also has a low voltage start function, that is, it can be started normally between AC160~350V, and the voltage requirement is relatively low. However, electronic ballasts also have the shortcomings of short service life, large harmonics of power supply current, and relatively weak resistance to transient overvoltage of power supply.
Compared with traditional magnetic ballasts, energy-saving magnetic ballasts have greatly improved their power consumption and luminous efficiency ratio; compared with electronic ballasts, they have low starting surge current and low power supply current harmonics. The advantages of strong transient overvoltage capability and long service life are recognized by more and more professionals.
4 Conclusion
China is in a period of rapid economic development. While people are pursuing high-quality life and high-quality light environment, energy consumption has become an unavoidable social problem. In the past, low-efficiency, high-power illumination sources have clearly failed to meet the needs of the new era. The “Green Lighting Project†must be vigorously promoted to make various high-efficiency, low-power lighting products become the dominant light source in the present and future worlds.
Blue Sea Lighting Co., Limited , http://www.gz-led-light.com