Important public buildings, monuments, commercial buildings, square sculptures, or some special landmarks (LAND MARK), transportation facilities such as bridges or MRT stations in the city can be used to beautify the lights at night to make the city The night scene can have a different weather besides the neon lights of the signboard.
The following considerations for the overall lighting consideration of the building's floodlighting design are first confirmed.
1. Direction of view: Buildings may be visible from different directions. The angle is generally visible, but generally before designing, we must first decide on a particular direction as the main direction of viewing.
2. Distance: The possible viewing distance of the average person. The distance of the distance will affect the clarity of the person's observation of the appearance of the façade, and at the same time affect the decision of the illuminance.
3. Surrounding environment and background: The brightness of the surrounding environment and background will affect the illumination required by the subject. If the perimeter is very dark, a little light is needed to illuminate the subject. If the perimeter is bright, the lights must be strengthened to highlight the subject.
In addition to the surrounding environment of the building, the exterior wall material of the building is one of the most influential factors in lighting effects. Basically, the rougher materials such as concrete, stone, and tile are better after being illuminated by light. The smooth surface of aluminum, stainless steel, glass, etc. will cause total reflection, not only the effect of the light is not obvious. It will cause pollution due to reflection. This phenomenon is especially serious in the case of reflective glass.
In the design of the night illumination of the building exterior, it can be roughly divided into the following steps:
1. Decide on the desired lighting effect
Buildings may have different lighting effects due to their different appearances, or a more uniform feeling, or a strong sense of brightness and darkness; they may be more flat or more lively. The properties of the building itself are determined.
2. Choose the right light source
The choice of light source should consider factors such as light color, color rendering, efficiency, and longevity. The color of light has an equivalent relationship with the color of the material of the exterior wall of the building. Generally speaking, the brick and the yellow-brown stone are more suitable to be irradiated with warm light, and the light source is a high-pressure sodium lamp or a halogen lamp. White or light-colored marble can be illuminated with a cool white light (composite metal lamp) with a higher color temperature, but it is also possible to use a high-pressure sodium lamp.
3. Decide on the required illumination
The required illumination depends mainly on the brightness of the surrounding environment and the color of the material on the exterior wall of the building. The illuminance values ​​suggested in Table 1 are for the main façade (main viewing direction). Generally speaking, the illuminance of the secondary façade is one-and-a-half of the main façade, and the three-dimensional sense of the building can be expressed by the difference between the two sides.
4. The way to illuminate the subject depends on the characteristics of the building and the current state of the building base to determine the most appropriate lighting method to achieve the desired lighting effect.
5. Choose the right fixture
In general, the square lamp has a larger light distribution angle, and the circular lamp has a smaller angle. Wide-angle luminaires have a more uniform effect, but are not suitable for long-distance projection; narrow-angle luminaires are suitable for projection at longer distances, but they are less uniform when used at close distances. In addition to the light distribution characteristics, the choice of lamps, appearance, material, dust, and waterproof rating (IP rating) are also factors that must be considered.
6. Calculation of illuminance and number of lamps
After the above steps are completed, the number of lamps is determined according to the illumination calculation of the selected light source, lamp, installation position and the like, so that the effect after installation is as close as possible to the desired.
7. On-site adjustment after installation is completed
On-site adjustments are absolutely necessary. The projection direction of each lamp is only used as a reference. The illuminance value calculated by the computer is only the reference value (the reflection of the wall is seen by the human eye, not the illumination). Therefore, the adjustment of the site after the installation is completed should be based on what the human eye sees.
The appearance of the building is represented by the projection of the light at night, and the effect obtained is equivalent to the feeling during the day. Therefore, we don't necessarily need to get the same effect as the daytime in lighting design. It is important to show the characteristics of the building.
The following considerations for the overall lighting consideration of the building's floodlighting design are first confirmed.
1. Direction of view: Buildings may be visible from different directions. The angle is generally visible, but generally before designing, we must first decide on a particular direction as the main direction of viewing.
2. Distance: The possible viewing distance of the average person. The distance of the distance will affect the clarity of the person's observation of the appearance of the façade, and at the same time affect the decision of the illuminance.
3. Surrounding environment and background: The brightness of the surrounding environment and background will affect the illumination required by the subject. If the perimeter is very dark, a little light is needed to illuminate the subject. If the perimeter is bright, the lights must be strengthened to highlight the subject.
In addition to the surrounding environment of the building, the exterior wall material of the building is one of the most influential factors in lighting effects. Basically, the rougher materials such as concrete, stone, and tile are better after being illuminated by light. The smooth surface of aluminum, stainless steel, glass, etc. will cause total reflection, not only the effect of the light is not obvious. It will cause pollution due to reflection. This phenomenon is especially serious in the case of reflective glass.
In the design of the night illumination of the building exterior, it can be roughly divided into the following steps:
1. Decide on the desired lighting effect
Buildings may have different lighting effects due to their different appearances, or a more uniform feeling, or a strong sense of brightness and darkness; they may be more flat or more lively. The properties of the building itself are determined.
2. Choose the right light source
The choice of light source should consider factors such as light color, color rendering, efficiency, and longevity. The color of light has an equivalent relationship with the color of the material of the exterior wall of the building. Generally speaking, the brick and the yellow-brown stone are more suitable to be irradiated with warm light, and the light source is a high-pressure sodium lamp or a halogen lamp. White or light-colored marble can be illuminated with a cool white light (composite metal lamp) with a higher color temperature, but it is also possible to use a high-pressure sodium lamp.
3. Decide on the required illumination
The required illumination depends mainly on the brightness of the surrounding environment and the color of the material on the exterior wall of the building. The illuminance values ​​suggested in Table 1 are for the main façade (main viewing direction). Generally speaking, the illuminance of the secondary façade is one-and-a-half of the main façade, and the three-dimensional sense of the building can be expressed by the difference between the two sides.
4. The way to illuminate the subject depends on the characteristics of the building and the current state of the building base to determine the most appropriate lighting method to achieve the desired lighting effect.
5. Choose the right fixture
In general, the square lamp has a larger light distribution angle, and the circular lamp has a smaller angle. Wide-angle luminaires have a more uniform effect, but are not suitable for long-distance projection; narrow-angle luminaires are suitable for projection at longer distances, but they are less uniform when used at close distances. In addition to the light distribution characteristics, the choice of lamps, appearance, material, dust, and waterproof rating (IP rating) are also factors that must be considered.
6. Calculation of illuminance and number of lamps
After the above steps are completed, the number of lamps is determined according to the illumination calculation of the selected light source, lamp, installation position and the like, so that the effect after installation is as close as possible to the desired.
7. On-site adjustment after installation is completed
On-site adjustments are absolutely necessary. The projection direction of each lamp is only used as a reference. The illuminance value calculated by the computer is only the reference value (the reflection of the wall is seen by the human eye, not the illumination). Therefore, the adjustment of the site after the installation is completed should be based on what the human eye sees.
The appearance of the building is represented by the projection of the light at night, and the effect obtained is equivalent to the feeling during the day. Therefore, we don't necessarily need to get the same effect as the daytime in lighting design. It is important to show the characteristics of the building.
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