Huada Gene: The era of life begins, genetic engineering develops "Moore's Law" | Sina C+

Editor's note: This article is the speech of Zhu Yaomei, vice president of BGI, in the Sina C+ speech. Lei Fengnet (searching for the "Lei Feng Net" public concern) made an editor who did not change his original intention.

What I want to tell you today is the era of life. The future has come. Many people say that today is the post-industrial era or the information age. In fact, many people still do not know that we have entered the era of life.

What is the age of life?

How to talk about life time? All life, whether human, animal or plant, or microbe, is ATCG. This world is so simple, it is so wonderful. The most important thing in the last century was to turn ATCG into 0101. This ruler was discovered four years ago by the Nobel Museum. It is a rule of invention. It is a two-meter-long building. It is like this on both sides. Each scale is a major historical event, either social or scientific. Everyone can see that the last few are basically nothing to do with China, or that they are major, including the cloning of sheep, including the discovery of new medicines, including digital cameras, which was in the last years of 2000. But in the end this is the almost complete completion of the Human Genome Project. Why do you want to leave this in the final year from 1800 to 2000? In fact, it means that at the end of the last century, we started the era of life.

This era of life began in the human genome project from the beginning of the last century until 2003. It was only a sketch issue in 2000, but the ruler at the Nobel Museum cannot forget this moment. So the cost of the past ten years, the white line is Moore's Law , I think no one does not know. This green line is a descending picture of the human genome , and BGI is closely related to this line. The first one was the establishment of BGI, which we established in 1999 to represent China in such a human genome project. At the second point in time, when the BGI gene left Beijing, we called the Tiangao Emperor far away and went to the most innovative, inclusive, most grotesque city. We went to Shenzhen. Then it brought us 40% of the world's data output in the following years, because we changed the ATCG to 0101. In 2010, we bought 128 sequencing instruments at a time and essentially bought out the two-year goods from this manufacturer. We later acquired the American company and launched our own sequencing instrument. In this field, we as Chinese have never done such a technical contribution.

This metaphor of "Moore's Law" can be remembered with an image metaphor. When a human genome was completed in 2003, it was equivalent to a hidden fighter. By the end of 2013, it was equivalent to an economical sedan. In the future, I estimate that it may be cheaper than 700 pieces. It may be equivalent to the price of a bicycle. This is the "Moore's Law . "

Treating diseases through gene editing

This is a class that I listened to at Singularity University. What's very interesting here is that you can see the whole story of a change that Huada promoted in this field, how to reduce the cost of sequencing and how to open the door. Did everyone see it? The abbreviated name for BGI is BGI. We have opened this door here. And the following door stop, like a biscuit, is a scholarly journal we do on the Hong Kong platform called Big Data. The impact factor just released this year has already taken sixth place in the global comprehensive journal. This is remarkable. There is no journal in China that can do this. This is an international journal. This is a door stop, through which the door is no longer closed, which is the impact of today's big data.

There are many more behind, such as gene cutting, such as the future of red wine, will use artificial yeast to do, for example, the future disease can be changed by genetic editing methods. We already have a child with leukemia that has been completely cured by genetic editing. Like many possibilities, life has begun to open this door through gene sequencing, so that you truly know life. This person is very young. He is the director of the Biology Department of Singularity University. His tiger's mouth has a chip that can be used to manipulate his computer, manipulate his car, and even their home. I very much welcomed us. When we went there, he was very excited. The whole cartoon was when he invited a cartoonist in the class to hear him talk and draw. When I shake hands with him, I feel a bit like that. It reminds me of crossing. The future of people and genetic fusion actually starts from today. Only the digitization of life can do it.

This is the cover of Time magazine 2012. Want to know my future? This child has a lot of genetic birth defects. Because no one is perfect, you may not know when you are old, but it will also appear when you are old. Therefore, no one is perfect. Everyone carries a variety of diseases or problems. , or the possibility of premature aging. How do you know? Must go through sequencing. This article says that I don’t want to end here. That is to say, all diseases should be prevented. “The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic” says that it is the same reason to cure the illness.

I chose three cover stories from Time magazine. In the end, the child said that I would live to 143 and I might live. Indeed, in theory, the decline of cells can make people live to 120-150 years old. There will be a lot of problems, such as the aging problem, Alzheimer, Parkinson, osteoporosis, and various problems. How to solve? In fact, these three charts are very symbolic to tell us how genetic diseases, such as tumor gene mutations can be avoided, especially in diseases like “three highs” or even “four highs”, how to adjust the bacteria in the intestinal tract. Group to avoid.

These three figures are very representative. I share it with everyone and tell everyone that this era of life is far faster than the people of our time today know. It is also swift and fierce. Just as no one believed that IT could change the world in this way thirty years ago, it can be said that IT was a separate field thirty years ago. It was a separate field even ten or twenty years ago, but today IT is ubiquitous. In addition, we are changing all areas, the most traditional areas, and the freshest areas. The same is true of life. In this area of ​​life, everything from agriculture, health care, health, environmental protection, and industry can be seen. Everything is alive, everything will change, and it will be digital.

Future life will be smart

Therefore, it can be said that in the past, industrialization was the connection of information to this channel. In fact, people are a little bit of everything in the world. People are very small, and people themselves are a host. Your mouth, gut, and skin are far more microbes than you think. They are more than your parents give you. More often than not, the genes in the human gut are a hundred times that of your body. How do people coexist with these microbes? How to prevent genetic aging and mutation, which is the interaction between the internal environment and the external environment, and healthy interaction, this is the most important.

How do people know oneself in this small drop in the ocean? What is your body's password? Everyone thinks of the industrial revolution in the past one or two hundred years. In fact, the automobile is the flower of industry. The automobile is used as electrical appliances, machinery, and materials, and is the flower of industry. But the car changed it is to think of it still remember the Beatles and Ford? They call everybody to use a car. In fact, today's sequencing is the same. Everyone in the future must be, and not like a car. It may use ten cars for life, but sequencing will be around you.

One day, there will be a test on your toilet to tell you how your monthly hormone cycle changes. One day, you can know through the skin test, why do you have acne when you are adolescent, and don't take it long at other times. Your hormones and skin are changing. One day you will know that you as a mother, why the baby eats your milk will be diarrhea, this is what the health of the stool, in the end, why some people can not drink red face, so many. These things will open the password of life, and we know that everyone has a car to everyone can use a PC, to everyone can use the network, everyone in the future can understand their own lives. This is the place in Shenzhen facing the sea and backing to Castle Peak. This is our first gene pool and will soon become the world's largest and most advanced data platform. I hope everyone will have the opportunity to take a look at it. From there, to truly understand their own lives.

Health needs quantification

Finally, I would like to share with you. In fact, life is a clock. Many times our company pursues financial statements. We have balance sheets. We have assets. In fact, health is not quantified. In fact, health is not defined today. What is health? What is unhealthy? When I was hiking and running, my heart rate may be only 48, 49, or 50 times. The doctor said that you have too slow and I know myself. Including your blood pressure, your various life indicators, in fact, all require a quantification.

What is your health? Many times the understanding of health, the understanding of the disease has only just begun, and this is a truly digital process. In the past, we used many scientific trial and error processes. Today, we really want to change it from ATCG to 0101. So people can't just have a financial account, they should also have health accounts. When you ran a step, exercised once, sweated a great deal, you deposited a sum of money into your health account. So I think that people should at least establish their own health credits, and this assessment of health credit is totally dependent on when the life era is open, how do you know your life, and how do you know everything around you.

Even including a lot of cities that we talked about today, today we have a small TV screen in the gene bank. The reason why we don't want to make it too big is that it's too exciting. Because in our place, PM2.5 is basically in single digits. Then when you are in such a city, this city is for people. When you are a city like this, who are you for? What are you doing when you go to reclaim the sea, destroy those reef rocks, destroy those corals, and destroy the fish in the ocean? All of this goes back to what I just said. When you walk into the age of life, you come to know what you eat, agriculture, health, health, environment, water, soil, and everything in the city.

So I think now is the door that has been opened. Many people still do not see what is inside the door. Even many of the BGIs think that we only do sequencing. Some people also say that we are Foxconn in the biological field. In fact, it is far from this, so today is to start with everyone, I hope you continue to pay attention to yourself, thank you!

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